Table 1 Individual level characteristics of cases with type 1 diabetes and controls, SEARCH CC Study (n = 709)
From: Neighborhood level risk factors for type 1 diabetes in youth: the SEARCH case-control study
Individual Characteristics | Colorado and South Carolina Combined | Colorado | South Carolina | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Cases (n = 505) | Controls (n = 204) | p-value | Cases (n = 411) | Controls (n = 124) | p-value | Cases (n = 94) | Controls (n = 80) | p-value |
Age at visit, mean (SD) | 14.8 (3.5) | 14.6 (2.9) | 0.3086 | 15.0 (3.4) | 14.5 (2.9) | 0.0633 | 14.0 (3.7) | 14.7 (2.9) | 0.1170 |
People in house, mean (SD) | 4.1 (1.3) | 4.1 (1.3) | 0.9763 | 4.1 (1.2) | 4.2 (1.2) | 0.4112 | 4.4 (1.7) | 4.0 (1.3) | 0.1592 |
Maternal age, mean (SD) | 28.7 (5.5) | 27.9 (5.8) | 0.1108 | 28.9 (5.5) | 28.2 (6.0) | 0.2969 | 27.9 (5.5) | 27.4 (5.5) | 0.5536 |
Age fed other than breast milk (days), mean (SD) | 80.7 (83.5) | 72.1 (78.6) | 0.2327 | 83.7 (79.2) | 97.5 (80.1) | 0.1155 | 67.1 (100.8) | 31.3 (56.0) | 0.0106 |
Age introduced solid food (days), mean (SD) | 169.5 (93.1) | 185.7 (147.9) | 0.1715 | 163.2 (81.2) | 199.1 (175.3) | 0.0385 | 197.2 (130.3) | 165.0 (87.6) | 0.0786 |
Birth weight (ounces), mean (SD) | 119.0 (20.8) | 115.8 (21.9) | 0.0872 | 118.7 (20.3) | 117.3 (21.8) | 0.5305 | 120.4 (23.0) | 113.5 (22.1) | 0.0596 |
Siblings, mean (SD) | 2.0 (1.3) | 2.3 (1.5) | 0.0050 | 1.9 (1.1) | 2.2 (1.2) | 0.0303 | 2.4 (1.9) | 2.6 (1.8) | 0.5502 |
Birth order, mean (SD) | 1.9 (1.0) | 1.9 (0.9) | 0.7875 | 1.8 (1.0) | 1.8 (0.9) | 0.9306 | 2.0 (1.1) | 1.9 (0.9) | 0.7885 |
Race/ethnicity, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   African American/Hispanic | 101 (20.0) | 91 (44.6) | < 0.0001 | 64 (15.6) | 41 (33.1) | < 0.0001 | 37 (39.4) | 50 (62.5) | 0.0023 |
   Non-Hispanic White | 404 (80.0) | 113 (55.4) |  | 347 (84.4) | 83 (67.0) |  | 57 (60.6) | 30 (37.5) |  |
Gender, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Female | 250 (49.5) | 124 (60.8) | 0.0065 | 199 (48.4) | 75 (60.5) | 0.0185 | 51 (54.3) | 49 (61.3) | 0.3523 |
   Male | 255 (50.5) | 80 (39.2) |  | 212 (51.6) | 49 (39.5) |  | 43 (45.7) | 31 (38.7) |  |
Education*, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   High school or less | 75 (14.9) | 54 (26.7) | 0.0002 | 50 (12.2) | 21 (17.1) | 0.6656 | 25 (26.6) | 33 (41.8) | 0.0352 |
   More than high school | 428 (85.1) | 148 (73.3) |  | 359 (87.9) | 102 (82.9) |  | 69 (73.4) | 46 (58.2) |  |
Income*, mean (SD) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   < $ 24,999 | 59 (13.0) | 47 (25.3) | < 0.0001 | 31 (7.3) | 14 (11.5) | 0.1016 | 28 (31.0) | 33 (41.2) | 0.2969 |
   $ 25,000-74,999 | 180 (39.6) | 84 (45.2) |  | 147 (42.8) | 49 (50.8) |  | 33 (51.0) | 35 (47.5) |  |
   > $ 75,000 | 215 (47.4) | 55 (29.6) |  | 199 (49.9) | 46 (37.7) |  | 16(18.0) | 9 (11.2) |  |