Table 2 Neighborhood level characteristics of cases with type 1 diabetes and controls, SEARCH CC Study (n = 709)
From: Neighborhood level risk factors for type 1 diabetes in youth: the SEARCH case-control study
Census-tract Characteristics | Colorado and South Carolina Combined | Colorado | South Carolina | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Cases (n = 505) | Controls (n = 204) | p-value | Cases (n = 411) | Controls (n = 124) | p-value | Cases (n = 94) | Controls (n = 80) | p-value |
Unemployment (%) | 2.5 (1.8) | 3.2 (2.2) | 0.0003 | 2.3 (1.8) | 2.6 (1.7) | 0.1357 | 3.4 (1.8) | 4.0 (2.5) | 0.0542 |
Population below poverty (%) | 6.9 (7.4) | 11.1 (10.4) | < 0.0001 | 5.3 (6.0) | 7.4 (6.8) | 0.0023 | 13.6 (9.3) | 16.8 (12.2) | 0.0599 |
Household crowding (%) | 3.4 (4.6) | 4.6 (5.0) | 0.0040 | 3.5 (5.0) | 4.9 (6.1) | 0.0221 | 3.2 (2.2) | 4.2 (2.7) | 0.0105 |
Social security recipient (%) | 17.5 (10.1) | 22.0 (9.4) | < 0.0001 | 16.2 (10.0) | 19.1 (9.3) | 0.0031 | 23.4 (8.8) | 26.5 (7.9) | 0.0166 |
Minority population (%) | 23.7 (19.7) | 36.5 (27.9) | < 0.0001 | 20.6 (17.6) | 28.1 (22.3) | 0.0008 | 37.3 (22.6) | 49.5 (30.7) | 0.0037 |
Homeowners (%) | 76.5 (19.6) | 71.1 (20.0) | 0.0010 | 77.8 (19.2) | 72.4 (21.2) | 0.0112 | 70.7 (20.5) | 69.0 (18.0) | 0.5523 |
Median housing value ($) | 184K (96K) | 144K (74K) | < 0.0001 | 206K (93K) | 183K (67K) | 0.0028 | 88K (32K) | 84K (31K) | 0.3877 |
Working outside county (%) | 45.0 (19.0) | 38.2 (18.9) | < 0.0001 | 48.7 (16.9) | 48.6 (10.1) | 0.9354 | 29.0 (19.9) | 22.2 (18.2) | 0.0196 |
Income from interest and others (%) | 43.3 (16.3) | 35.2 (17.2) | < 0.0001 | 47.2 (14.7) | 42.4 (15.7) | 0.0030 | 26.4 (11.2) | 24.0 (13.0) | 0.1894 |
Management position (%) | 40.5 (14.3) | 33.9 (14.0) | < 0.0001 | 42.8 (13.9) | 37.8 (14.3) | 0.0007 | 30.1 (10.7) | 27.8 (11.2) | 0.1722 |
High school education and above (%) | 88.9 (11.4) | 82.7 (13.6) | < 0.0001 | 90.8 (10.7) | 85.9 (13.6) | 0.0003 | 80.4 (10.8) | 77.7 (12.0) | 0.1201 |
Median household income ($) | 61K (26K) | 49K (20K) | < 0.0001 | 66K (25K) | 57K (19K) | < 0.0001 | 39K (12K) | 36K (12K) | 0.0725 |
Vehicle ownership (%) | 95.3 (5.6) | 92.1 (8.9) | < 0.0001 | 96.1 (4.6) | 94.3 (5.8) | 0.0017 | 91.9 (8.0) | 88.6 (11.5) | 0.0360 |
Neighborhood socioeconomic advantage score | 0.5 (0.9) | 0.04 (0.9) | < 0.0001 | 0.8 (0.8) | 0.5(0.8) | 0.0016 | -0.5 (0.6) | -0.7 (0.6) | 0.1327 |
Urban category n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Small town | 6 (1.2) | 3 (1.5) | 0.0141 | 2 | 0 | 0.7791 | 4 (4.0) | 3 (3.7) | 0.0285 |
   Large town | 15 (3.0) | 16 (7.8) |  | 1 | 0 |  | 14 (16.0) | 16 (20.0) |  |
   Suburban | 59 (11.7) | 15 (7.4) |  | 38 (8.6) | 10 (6.6) |  | 21 (23.0) | 5 (6.2) |  |
   Urban core | 425 (84.2) | 170 (83.3) |  | 370 (91.4) | 114 (93.4) |  | 55 (57.0) | 56 (70.0) |  |