Skip to main content

Table 2 Brainstorming statement sorted into their final cluster solutions

From: Are residents of downtown Toronto influenced by their urban neighbourhoods? Using concept mapping to examine neighbourhood characteristics and their perceived impact on self-rated mental well-being

Item Name (item number*)

Good MWB

Poor MWB

Cluster 1: Crime in neighbourhood

  

crime (40)

moderate

High

poverty (34)

low

High

visibility of drug trafficking or drug use (43)

low

High

police harassment (12)

low

High

vandalism (1)

low

High

gangs (4)

low

High

Cluster 2: Social concerns

  

safety (27)

High

moderate

neighbourhood lighting (10)

High

moderate

police involvement with community (46)

High

moderate

gentrification (53)

moderate

low

isolation (37)

moderate

High

class discrimination (38)

low

High

fights between neighbours (29)

low

High

Cluster 3: Negative neighbourhood environment

  

a visible marginalized population (e.g. homeless) (63)

moderate

moderate

overcrowded housing (51)

moderate

High

litter (2)

low

High

noise (30)

low

High

heavy traffic (21)

low

moderate

bad smells (58)

low

moderate

cigarette butts (33)

low

moderate

Cluster 4: Creates positive community environment

  

sense of community (42)

High

moderate

residents being involved in community change (16)

High

low

friendliness (35)

High

moderate

neighbours interacting (25)

High

moderate

newcomer friendly (52)

High

moderate

community cohesion in a crisis (54)

High

moderate

people who know you (31)

High

low

multicultural and multilanguage neighbourhood (36)

High

low

diversity (e.g. age, income) (66)

moderate

low

public celebrations (6)

moderate

low

Cluster 5: Community friendly environment

  

pedestrian friendly neighbourhood (70)

High

moderate

neighbourhood watch (44)

High

low

neighbourhood reputation (32)

moderate

moderate

pet friendly neighbourhood (45)

moderate

low

neighbourhood history (56)

moderate

low

Cluster 6: Essential services in the neighbourhood

  

community centre with adequate services and resources (69)

High

moderate

employment opportunities (50)

High

moderate

quality of schools (18)

High

moderate

job placement and training services (3)

High

moderate

accessible and accountable politicians (65)

High

moderate

services and resources that are age, family, gender and culturally appropriate (48)

High

moderate

a wide variety of educational opportunities (e.g. ESL, adult education) (13)

High

low

businesses that provide mentorship and apprenticeship opportunities (62)

High

low

volunteer opportunities (9)

High

low

outreach and mobility of community services and resources (64)

High

moderate

a range of services for low income populations (e.g. food banks, community kitchens) (68)

High

moderate

Cluster 7: Beneficial community services

  

libraries (60)

High

low

public places for a variety of physical recreational activities and sports (e.g. ice hockey, pool, soccer fields) (22)

High

moderate

accessible and affordable child care (24)

High

low

access to places of worship (mosque, temples, churches, synagogues) (47)

High

Low

a range of traditional and non-traditional health services (20)

High

Moderate

services to support homeless (23)

High

Moderate

free access to computers and the internet (57)

High

Low

Cluster 8: Neighbourhood amenities

  

access to banking services (14)

High

Low

grocery stores with a wide selection of food choices (17)

High

Low

laundry facilities (39)

High

Low

assortment of restaurants (11)

High

Low

coffee shops (5)

High

Low

bars (55)

low

Low

beer and liquor stores (59)

low

Low

Cluster 9: Causes that make a neighbourhood aesthetically pleasing

  

clean air (7)

High

Moderate

parks (15)

High

Moderate

amount of natural landscape (e.g. tree lined streets) (67)

High

Moderate

well maintained streets and sidewalks (28)

High

Moderate

well maintained businesses and housing structures (61)

High

Low

physical beauty (e.g. fountains) (19)

High

Low

mixed-use neighbourhood (commercial, residential and/or recreational use) (41)

moderate

Low

Cluster 10: Transportation

  

access to public transportation (8)

High

Moderate

short commute times (49)

High

Moderate

adequate parking (26)

moderate

Low