Pathways of neighbourhood-level socio-economic determinants of adverse birth outcomes

Meng, Gang; Thompson, Mary E; Hall, G Brent

doi:10.1186/1476-072X-12-32

International Journal of Health Geographics

Table 6 Mediation analysis results for PTB

From: Pathways of neighbourhood-level socio-economic determinants of adverse birth outcomes

Neighbourhood variables	Pathways	Coefficient	Effect of individual pathway [95% ci]	Effect [95% ci]
Low_ses	Indirect	Through SES-related support: α₁γ₁₀	0.115 [0.071-0.158]	0.253[0.197-0.308]
		Through psycho-social: α₂γ₂₀	0.021 [0.011-0.031]
		Through behavioural: α₃γ₃₀	0.054 [0.036-0.072]
		Through health: α₄γ₄₀	0.063 [0.035-0.091]
	Direct	γ ₀₁		0.641[0.281-1.001]
	Indirect + direct			0.8935
	Total	c ₀₁		0.981[0.626-1.337]
Low_edu	Indirect	Through SES-related support: α₁γ₁₀	0.024 [0.012-0.036]	0.051[0.036-0.067]
		Through psycho-social: α₂γ₂₀	0.008 [0.004-0.012]
		Through behavioural: α₃γ₃₀	0.019 [0.011-0.028]
	Direct	γ ₀₁		0.305[0.136-0.475]
	Indirect + direct			0.356
	Total	c ₀₁		0.351[0.182-0.521]
Low_income	Indirect	Through SES-related support: α₁γ₁₀	0.110 [0.069-0.152]	0.213[0.164-0.262]
		Through psycho-social: α₂γ₂₀	0.013 [0.006-0.019]
		Through behavioural: α₃γ₃₀	0.023 [0.012-0.034]
		Through health: α₄γ₄₀	0.068 [0.044-0.091]
	Direct	γ ₀₁		0.425[0.132-0.718]
	Indirect + direct			0.638
	Total	c ₀₁		0.705[0.418-0.992]
Unemploy	Indirect	Through SES-related support: α₁γ₁₀	0.002 [0.001-0.003]	0.004[0.003-0.005]
		Through psycho-social: α₂γ₂₀	0.0002 [0.0-0.0004]
		Through behavioural: α₃γ₃₀	0.001 [0.00-0.001]
		Through health: α₄γ₄₀	0.002 [0.001-0.002]
	Direct	γ ₀₁		0.007[0.000-0.015]
	Indirect + direct			0.012
	Total	c ₀₁		0.013[0.005-0.02]
Rent_rate	Indirect	Through SES-related support: α₁γ₁₀	0.050 [0.032-0.068]	0.089[0.067-0.112]
		Through psycho-social: α₂γ₂₀	0.005 [0.003-0.008]
		Through behavioural: α₃γ₃₀	0.013 [0.008-0.018]
		Through health: α₄γ₄₀	0.021 [0.009-0.033]
	Direct	γ ₀₁		0.228[0.092-0.365]
	Indirect + direct			0.318
	Total	c ₀₁		0.311[0.177-0.445]
	Moderation: Health *RENT_RATE	γ ₄₁		−0.183[−0.311--0.055]
House_repair	Indirect	Through SES-related support: α₁γ₁₀	0.073 [0.036-0.110]	0.118[0.066-0.17]
		Through psycho-social: α₂γ₂₀	0.013 [0.003-0.024]
		Through behavioural: α₃γ₃₀	0.031 [0.00-0.066]
	Direct	γ ₀₁		0.912[0.313-1.51]
	Indirect + direct			1.03
	Total	c ₀₁		1.117[0.522-1.712]
	Moderation: Behavioral *HOUSE_REPAIR	γ ₃₁		0.549[−0.023-1.12]
Dwelling _val	Indirect	Through SES-related support: α₁γ₁₀	−0.007 [−0.01--0.004]	−0.02[−0.025--0.016]
		Through psycho-social: α₂γ₂₀	−0.002 [−0.003--0.001]
		Through behavioural: α₃γ₃₀	−0.004 [−0.005--0.002]
		Through health: α₄γ₄₀	−0.008 [−0.011--0.005]
	Direct	γ ₀₁		−0.093[−0.132--0.053]
	Indirect + direct			−0.1127
	Total	c ₀₁		−0.126[−0.166--0.085]
Food_insecurity	Indirect	Through psycho-social: α₂γ₂₀	0.018 [0.007-0.028]	0.153[0.106-0.199]
		Through behavioural: α₃γ₃₀	0.049 [0.029-0.068]
		Through health: α₄γ₄₀	0.087 [0.045-0.128]
	Direct	γ ₀₁		0.907[0.382-1.433]
	Indirect + direct			1.06
	Total	c ₀₁		1.301[0.779-1.823]
Insufficent_veg		Through SES-related support: α₁γ₁₀	0.062 [0.036-0.087]	0.194[0.148-0.239]
		Through psycho-social: α₂γ₂₀	0.008 [0.001-0.016]
		Through behavioural: α₃γ₃₀	0.024 [0.01-0.038]
		Through health: α₄γ₄₀	0.10 [0.066-0.134]
	Direct	γ ₀₁		0.634[0.19-1.078]
	Indirect + direct			0.828
	Total	c ₀₁		0.88[0.435-1.325]
Heavy_drinking	Indirect	Through SES-related support: α₁γ₁₀	−0.048 [−0.071--0.024]	−0.135[−0.184--0.086]
		Through psycho-social: α₂γ₂₀	−0.010 [−0.019--0.002]
		Through behavioural: α₃γ₃₀	−0.024 [−0.04--0.007]
		Through health: α₄γ₄₀	−0.053 [−0.093--0.014]
	Direct	γ ₀₁		−0.421[−0.937-0.094]
	Indirect + direct			−0.556
	Total	c ₀₁		−0.59[−1.111--0.07]

Note: In this and Table 7, α1, α₂, α₃, and α₄ are the regression coefficients of a neighbourhood-level exposure to the respective person-level factor outcomes calculated in Equation 1. γ₁₀, γ₂₀, γ₃₀, and γ₄₀ are the fixed main effects (original regression coefficients in log scale) of corresponding person-level factors to an adverse birth outcome calculated in Equation 2. α₁γ₁₀, α₂γ₂₀, α₃γ₃₀, and α₄γ₄₀ are the products of the above coefficients, representing the indirect effects through SES-related support, psycho-social, behavioural and health pathways respectively. γ₀₁ represents the direct effect of a neighbourhood-level exposure to the adverse birth outcome (original regression coefficients in log scale calculated in Equation 2). c₀₁ represents the total effect of a neighbourhood-level exposure to the adverse birth outcome (original regression coefficients in log scale calculated in Equation 3). See Methods for the three equations in the mediation analysis.

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ISSN: 1476-072X

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