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Table 1 Descriptive statistics by district

From: Spatial autocorrelation in uptake of antenatal care and relationship to individual, household and village-level factors: results from a community-based survey of pregnant women in six districts in western Kenya

 

Bungoma East

Teso North

Chulaimbo

Bunyala

Burnt forest

Kapsaret

 
 

N

N

N

N

N

N

 

Total population

187665

44,301

52,674

56,670

63,472

56,006

 

Total households

46,826

11,470

15,663

17,443

18,015

17,706

 

Total women age 13 to 45 (interviewed)

43,739

7,083

13,060

13,958

6,988

15,087

 

Pregnant women (analysis samp.)

3008

521

736

1031

299

582

 

Variables

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

P-value*

Outcome variable

       

Attended ANC (%)

0.570

0.678

0.683

0.574

0.475

0.636

 

Individual level

       

Age (%)

      

0.535

  Age < 18

5.8

3.3

8.7

3.7

2.3

1.4

 

  Age 18 to 24

45.1

46.1

46.5

53.3

34.8

39.2

 

  Age 25 to 34

37.3

39.9

38.7

35.4

47.2

47.9

 

  Age 35+

11.8

10.7

6.1

7.6

15.7

11.5

 

Marital status (%)

      

<0.001

  Married/Partnered

88

82.5

74.6

73.2

75.9

77

 

  Divorced/Separated/Widowed

2.8

3.1

6

6.1

3.7

4.1

 

  Never married

9.2

14.4

19.4

20.7

20.4

18.9

 

Housework (%)

      

<0.001

  No housework

6.9

5.4

4.9

3.1

6

4.5

 

  10 hours or less/week

47.5

18

17.1

21.3

21.4

12.5

 

  11 to 34 hours/week

24.6

39.9

48.8

41

43.1

47.3

 

  Greater than 35 hours/week

21.1

36.7

29.2

34.5

29.4

35.7

 

Work for pay (%)

      

<0.001

  No work for pay

76.8

65.5

64.9

62.9

47.8

58.9

 

  10 hours or less/week

8.8

8.3

9

8.1

13

8.6

 

  11 to 34 hours/week

8.8

15.7

17.4

19.8

22.4

17.4

 

  Greater than 35 hours/week

5.5

10.6

8.7

9.3

16.7

15.1

 

Household Level

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

 

Total household members

4.19 ± 2.17

3.97 ± 2.06

3.80 + 1.76

3.65 ± 1.86

4.09 ± 2.05

3.43 ± 1.68

<0.001

Number of children ≤5y in HH

1.074 ± 0.927

0.887 ± 0.768

1.076 ± 0.865

0.887 ± 0.778

0.779 ± 0.713

0.631 ± 0.645

<0.001

Number of children 6 –13y in HH

0.915 ± 1.225

1.031 ± 1.234

0.913 ± 1.145

0.884 ± 1.159

1.127 ± 1.230

0.923 ± 1.096

0.0145

Nearest health facility (%)

      

0.0002

  Dispensary

64.6

48.4

59.8

54

39.8

58.8

 

  Health center

18.7

47.2

16

14.6

60.2

41.2

 

  Hospital

16.7

24.2

24.2

31.3

   

Distance to nearest health facility (meters)

2157 ± 1020

2476 ± 1430

1759 ± 844

1867 ± 1048

3438 ± 1512

2498 ± 1413

<0.001

Distance to road (meters)

2049 ± 1546

3826 ± 2109

1717 ± 1212

1415 ± 1549

3015 ± 2005

2443 ± 1958

<0.001

Total animals owned by household

1.300 ± 2.057

1.468 ± 2.303

1.531 ± 2.808

1.051 ± 2.495

3.652 ± 6.437

2.007 ± 3.257

<0.001

Household owns land (%)

75.5

74.3

64.3

51.9

57.9

69.2

<0.001

Village level

       

Fraction of children attending school (%)

79.8

83.5

85.3

79

86.1

85.2

<0.001

Average number of animals per HH

1.687 ± 0.525

1.752 ± 0.702

2.155 ± 0.767

1.051 ± 2.495

4.378 ± 1.596

2.094 ± 0.503

<0.001

Fraction of households owning land (%)

75.4

77.5

71.1

57.2

60.4

69.9

<0.001

Pregnancies in village (per 1000 WRA)

87.2 ± 32.8

99.3 ± 54.1

73.7 ± 32.0

96.2 ± 50.6

91.6 ± 38.2

71.6 ± 33.7

<0.001

  1. *Differences between districts compared using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni corrections for continuous variables and Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel statistics for binary/categorical variables.
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International Journal of Health Geographics

ISSN: 1476-072X