Figure 2

(a) Chloropleth map plotting the standardised mortality ratio (SMR) and (b) standardised poor service ratio (observed/expected) using a Bayesian BYM convolution Poisson model (baseline model containing only a constant and the conditional autoregressive parameters – see Appendix 1) by local municipality, South Africa, 2007. Note: areas which significantly exceeded the expected null value (ratio > 1), based on exceedance probabilities, are highlighted with an asterisk; provincial boundaries in bold.