Figure 1

Mapping settlements and population distribution. (a) Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) image showing a city and surrounding smaller settlements; (b) Settlements extracted using automated mapping approach; (c) Census data for Tanzania in 2002 at village level showing total number of people per unit; (d) Population distribution map for 2012 produced through using the satellite derived settlement and land cover information to reallocate census unit populations to a 100×100 m resolution grid, followed by application of UN urban/rural growth rates.