Table 1 Univariate and multivariate regression of village prevalence of podoconiosis and soil characteristics analysed in this study

Quartz

0.18

p < 0.001

1.21

(1.12,1.30)

0.14

p = 0.001

1.16

(1.06, 1.26)

Mica

0.09

p < 0.001

1.09

(1.07, 1.12)

0.09

p < 0.001

1.09

(1.05, 1.13)

Fe ₂ O ₃

−0.62

p < 0.001

0.54

(0.46, 0.63)

NA^a

Particle size < 1 μ m

0.04

p = 0.526

1.04

(0.92, 1.17)

−0.15

p = 0.058

0.86

(0.73, 1.00)

Zirconium

0.02

p < 0.001

1.02

(1.02, 1.03)

NA^b

Smectite

0.88

p = 0.022

2.42

(1.11, 4.94)

1.04

p = 0.007

2.76

(1.35, 5.73)

Kaolinite

−0.09

p = 0.002

0.91

(0.86, 0.97)

NA^b