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Table 3 Associations between sociodemographic groups, resource characteristics and GPS-based activity space area and compactness of Walk The Talk Study Participants (n = 95)

From: Generating GPS activity spaces that shed light upon the mobility habits of older adults: a descriptive analysis

 

Area

Compactness

 

SDE

MCP

DPA

SDE

MCP

DPA

 

Percent difference (95% CL)

Percent difference (95% CL)

Percent difference (95% CL)

Mean difference (95% CL)

Mean difference (95% CL)

Mean difference (95% CL)

Male

−25.5 (−69.8, 83.6)

−19.0 (−66.6, 96.6)

−15.0 (−47.3, 37.2)

0.03 (−0.03, 0.09)

0.02 (−0.02, 0.07)

0.02 (−0.07, 0.11)

Age (years)a

      

 65-69

125.8 (−43.4, 801.1)

91.7 (−50.8, 647.7)

46.1 (−30.0, 204.5)

−0.07 (−0.17, 0.02)

−0.04 (−0.12, 0.03)

−0.08 (−0.22, 0.07)

 70-74

71.1 (−54.5, 543.6)

63.4 (−55.6, 501.1)

30.8 (−35.3, 164.2)

−0.06 (−0.16, 0.03)

−0.05 (−0.12, 0.01)

−0.06 (−0.20, 0.08)

 75-79

−43.3 (−85.0, 114.5)

−40.3 (−83.9, 120.7)

−17.1 (−59.1, 68.0)

−0.08 (−0.17, 0.02)

−0.05 (−0.12, 0.01)

0.03 (−0.11, 0.17)

Educationa

      

 Some or completed trade/technical school or college

−15.2 (−69.9, 138.6)

−4.5 (−65.5, 164.1)

−1.9 (−43.4, 69.9)

0.05 (−0.02, 0.12)

0.06 (0.00, 0.11)

0.05 (−0.06, 0.15)

 Some university or higher

−5.6 (−67.3, 172.5)

0.7 (−64.5, 185.7)

5.1 (−40.1, 84.6)

−0.01 (−0.08, 0.07)

−0.02 (−0.07, 0.04)

0.02 (−0.09, 0.13)

Walkabilitya

      

 Car Dependent (0–49)

447.8 (54.8, 1838.7)

525.2 (80.4, 2066.1)

146.4 (26.0, 381.9)

0.02 (−0.07, 0.11)

0.01 (−0.06, 0.07)

−0.16 (−0.30, −0.03)

 Somewhat Walkable (50–69)

213.7 (0.6, 877.8)

237.7 (10.4, 932.7)

102.3 (10.6, 269.9)

0.09 (0.01, 0.17)

0.07 (0.01, 0.13)

−0.11 (−0.23, 0.01)

 Very Walkable (70–89)

225.5 (7.4, 886.6)

267.0 (23.3, 991.7)

95.8 (8.7, 252.7)

0.03 (−0.05, 0.11)

0.05 (−0.01, 0.10)

−0.09 (−0.21, 0.02)

Length of time in Neighborhooda

      

 Between 2 and up to 6 years

------b

------b

------b

0.00 (−0.07, 0.08)

0.00 (−0.06, 0.05)

0.04 (−0.07, 0.15)

 Between 6 and up to 9 years

------b

------b

------b

−0.06 (−0.15, 0.03)

−0.03 (−0.09, 0.03)

−0.03 (−0.16, 0.10)

 > 9 years

------b

------b

------b

0.06 (−0.02, 0.14)

0.02 (−0.04, 0.07)

0.03 (−0.08, 0.15)

Have a valid driver’s license

46.4 (−62.0, 463.3)

50.5 (−60.0, 466.4)

17.7 (−42.4, 140.8)

0.03 (−0.07, 0.12)

−0.01 (−0.08, 0.06)

−0.01 (−0.15, 0.13)

Have access to a vehicle

285.1 (25.0, 1085.9)

304.4 (33.8, 1122.4)

139.8 (32.0, 335.6)

−0.02 (−0.09, 0.06)

−0.02 (−0.07, 0.04)

−0.16 (−0.27, −0.04)

Have physical support to go outside

184.2 (18.5, 581.2)

184.9 (20.6, 573.2)

75.0 (10.0, 178.4)

−0.03 (−0.09, 0.03)

−0.02 (−0.06, 0.02)

−0.08 (−0.17, 0.01)

Like to walk outside very much

------b

------b

------b

−0.09 (−0.15, −0.03)

−0.06 (−0.11, −0.02)

−0.03 (−0.12, 0.06)

  1. Abbreviations: Confidence Limits (CL), Standard Deviation Ellipse using one standard deviation (SDE), Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP), Daily Path Area using a 200-meter buffer (DPA). Bold values indicate estimates with p < 0.05.
  2. aReference categories: 80+ years old; secondary school or less; Walker’s Paradise (Walk Score 90–100); living in neighborhood less than 2 years.
  3. bNot tested in models of area due to lack of significance in bivariate analysis.