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Figure 6 | International Journal of Health Geographics

Figure 6

From: Geographical and temporal distribution of human giardiasis in Ontario, Canada

Figure 6

Moran scatterplot and LISA maps of giardiasis rates at the Census Division spatial scale. The map on the left represents the distribution of local Moran's I values, at the Census Sub-division spatial scale, of giardiasis rates in southern Ontario. This map shows the four types of spatial association observed in the data (i.e. high-high, low-low, high-low, low-high). These four types of spatial association constitute two forms of spatial autocorrelation: positive and negative spatial associations. Positive spatial associations (i.e. association between similar values) are observed in areas marked high-high (i.e. high rate in an area surrounded by high values of the weighted average rate of the neighboring areas), and low-low (low rate in an area surrounded by low values of the weighted average rate of the neighboring areas). There were also two forms of negative spatial associations (i.e. association between dissimilar values); high-low (high rate in an area surrounded by low values of the weighted average rate of the neighboring areas), and low-high (low rate in an area surrounded by high values of the weighted average rate of the neighboring areas). The areas shaded in red had positive spatial autocorrelation while those shaded in blue had negative spatial autocorrelation of giardiasis rates. The map on the right shows the distribution of significant Moran Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) at the Census Division spatial scale. Significant negative spatial association is shown in blue while significant positive association is colored red. Areas that had non-significant LISA values are blank (no color shading).

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