Violent crime exposure classification and adverse birth outcomes: a geographically-defined cohort study

Table 6 Associations between area-level violent crime and adverse birth outcomes among non-Hispanic white women*

	Preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation & <3888 g)				Low birth weight (<2500 g)
	Not adjusted	Individual covariates	Area-level covariates	Fully adjusted	Not adjusted	Individual covariates	Area-level covariates	Fully adjusted
Block group violent crime count
Low (0 – 12)	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent
Med (13 – 50)	1.0 (0.8, 1.2)	1.0 (0.8, 1.2)	1.0 (0.8, 1.2)	0.9 (0.8, 1.2)	1.0 (0.8, 1.3)	1.0 (0.8, 1.3)	1.0 (0.8, 1.3)	1.0 (0.8, 1.3)
High (52 – 378)	1.2 (0.9, 1.6)	1.1 (0.8, 1.4)	1.1 (0.8, 1.5)	1.1 (0.8, 1.5)	1.2 (0.9, 1.6)	1.0 (0.8, 1.5)	1.0 (0.7, 1.5)	1.0 (0.7, 1.4)
*Block group violent crime rate (count/population 1000)**
Low (0 – 5.7)	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent
Medium (6.1–16.3)	1.0 (0.8, 1.2)	0.9 (0.7, 1.2)	1.0 (0.8, 1.2)	1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	1.0 (0.8, 1.3)	1.0 (0.7, 1.3)	1.0 (0.7, 1.4)	1.0 (0.7, 1.3)
High (<204.7)	1.4 (1.1, 1.9)	1.3 (1.0, 1.8)	1.3 (0.9, 1.9)	1.3 (0.9, 1.9)	1.7 (1.2, 2.4)	1.5 (1.1, 2.2)	1.6 (1.0, 2.4)	1.5 (1.0, 2.3)

* Unadjusted, individual (maternal age, education), neighborhood (area-level deprivation), and fully-adjusted (individual and area-level covarites) odds ratios [OR] (95% Confidence Intervals [95% CI]) of preterm birth and low birth weight for area-level violent crime count and violent crime rate among non-Hispanic white women living in Raleigh NC.

ISSN: 1476-072X