Table 3 Models using multiple built environment characteristics to predict walking for exercise
From: Using built environment characteristics to predict walking for exercise
Built Environment Characteristic | Logistic model of walking or not | Linear model of walking time | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Training set β estimate | Validation set β estimate | Training set β estimate | Validation set β estimate |
Density | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   log(thousands of residential units/km2) | 0.25 | -0.33 | 0.07 | -0.13 |
Connectivity | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   log(mean block size in km2) | 0.01 | -0.04 | 0.04 | 0.03 |
Sidewalks | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   log(kilometers of sidewalk-lined streets) | -0.08 | 0.16 | 0.06 | -0.03 |
Destinations | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Distance to closest bank |  |  |  |  |
< 500 m | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
500 to 1000 m | 0.09 | -0.49 | -0.11 | -0.01 |
> 1000 m | 0.00 | 0.25 | -0.12 | 0.13 |
   Distance to closest church |  |  |  |  |
< 500 m | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
500 to 1000 m | -0.29 | -0.56 | 0.03 | 0.17 |
> 1000 m | -0.21 | -0.49 | 0.04 | 0.06 |
   Distance to closest school |  |  |  |  |
< 500 m | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
500 to 1000 m | -0.20 | 0.21 | -0.22 | -0.23 |
> 1000 m | -0.16 | 0.27 | -0.26 | -0.22 |
   Distance to closest grocery store |  |  |  |  |
< 500 m | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
500 to 1000 m | -0.05 | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.37 |
> 1000 m | -0.39 | -0.07 | 0.06 | 0.20 |
   Distance to closest office |  |  |  |  |
< 500 m | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
500 to 1000 m | 0.17 | 0.90 | -0.02 | 0.18 |
> 1000 m | 0.34 | 0.28 | 0.20 | 0.06 |
   Distance to closest retail shop |  |  |  |  |
< 500 m | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
500 to 1000 m | -0.44 | 0.26 | 0.01 | -0.46 |
> 1000 m | -0.25 | -0.13 | -0.11 | -0.04 |
   Distance to closest restaurant |  |  |  |  |
< 500 m | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
500 to 1000 m | 0.42 | -0.13 | 0.05 | 0.08 |
> 1000 m | -0.01 | 0.26 | 0.07 | -0.18 |
   Distance to closest gro-rest-ret complex |  |  |  |  |
< 500 m | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
500 to 1000 m | -0.18 | 0.07 | -0.13 | -0.08 |
> 1000 m | -0.34 | -0.08 | -0.03 | -0.15 |
   Distance to closest office complex |  |  |  |  |
< 500 m | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
500 to 1000 m | 0.14 | -0.69 | 0.03 | 0.01 |
> 1000 m | 0.25 | -0.49 | 0.01 | -0.11 |
   Distance to closest school-church combo |  |  |  |  |
< 500 m | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
500 to 1000 m | 0.03 | 0.23 | -0.01 | 0.16 |
> 1000 m | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.00 |
   Distance to closest fitness center |  |  |  |  |
< 500 m | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
500 to 1000 m | -0.01 | -0.10 | -0.08 | 0.12 |
> 1000 m | 0.03 | 0.10 | -0.02 | 0.08 |
Park area | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   log(proportion of area covered by park) | -0.04 | 0.12 | 0.06 | 0.11 |