Beyond greenspace: an ecological study of population general health and indicators of natural environment type and quality

Table 4 Regression results: association between environmental quality indicators and directly age/sex standardised good/very good, and bad/very bad health prevalence (%)

Environmental quality measures	Model 1: Unadjusted			Model 2: Adjusted for IoD and urbanity
	B	95% CI	p	B	95% CI	p
Good/Very Good Health
Shannon Land Cover Diversity Index	2.308	2.168,2.449	<0.001	0.274	0.220,0.329	<0.001
Bird species richness (+10 species)	0.456	0.398,0.515	<0.001	0.022	0.001,0.043	0.043
Freshwater ecological quality indicator	-0.629	-0.791,-0.467	<0.001	-0.095	-0.153,-0.037	0.001
Protected/designated areas kernel density indicator (10 km search radius)	0.234	0.184,0.284	<0.001	0.132	0.114,0.150	<0.001
Bad/Very Bad Health
Shannon Land Cover Diversity Index	-1.093	-1.162,-1.024	<0.001	-0.087	-0.117,-0.057	<0.001
Bird species richness (+10 species)	-0.237	-0.265,-0.208	<0.001	0.000	-0.011,0.012	0.962
Freshwater ecological quality indicator	0.293	0.213,0.372	<0.001	0.039	0.008,0.071	0.015
Protected/designated areas kernel density indicator (10 km search radius)	-0.100	-0.125,-0.076	<0.001	-0.052	-0.061,-0.042	<0.001

B = change in directly age/sex standardised prevalence (%) of good/very good health associated with unit increase in environmental quality indicators. Bold coefficient - association in hypothesised direction, p < 0.05. Italicised coefficient - association in opposite direction to that hypothesised, p < 0.05.

ISSN: 1476-072X