Table 4 Effect of patient characteristics, area-level factors and area classes on achieved treatment targets

Gender (0 = male, 1 = female)

1.22 (1.10–1.35)

Age

1.02 (1.02–1.03)

0.99 (0.99–1.00)

Educated (%)

1.02 (1.01–1.04)

Unemployed (%)

Median income (thousands/€)

Distance (km)

1.01 (1.00–1.02)

Inner urban area

0.57 (0.39–0.83)

1.63 (1.32–2.03)

Outer urban area

0.56 (0.40–0.79)

1.64 (1.36–1.97)

Peri-urban area

1.53 (1.22–1.91)

Local centers in rural areas

0.67 (0.56–0.81)

1.23 (1.02–1.46)

Rural areas close to urban areas

1.33 (1.08–1.65)

Rural heartland areas

1.42 (1.23–1.65)

Sparsely populated rural areas

Reference category

Reference category

Pop. center (0 = outside, 1 = inside)

R²

0.022

0.014