Table 1 Outcome and predictor variables: descriptive statistics (mean, median, standard deviation and relative standard deviation)
From: Childhood overweight in Berlin: intra-urban differences and underlying influencing factors
Variable | Mean | Median | Standard deviation | Relative standard deviation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Child survey | ||||
Percentage of overweight and obese pre-school children (5–6 years) (dependent variable) | 9.31 | 8.60 | 4.19 | 45.02 |
Social index (based on parents education and employment status) | 13.97 | 14.00 | 1.95 | 13.97 |
Percentage of non-German children | 35.78 | 33.40 | 22.57 | 63.09 |
Percentage of non German children with insufficient German language skills | 8.29 | 6.50 | 8.34 | 100.51 |
Percentage of children with measles vaccination | 91.15 | 92.40 | 4.18 | 4.59 |
Percentage of children with bad dental hygiene | 12.39 | 11.20 | 7.24 | 58.41 |
Percentage of children participating in regular medical check-ups | 87.67 | 88.00 | 4.68 | 5.34 |
Percentage of children living in household with at least one smoking parent | 36.03 | 37.20 | 10.72 | 29.75 |
Percentage of children having their own TV in bedroom | 11.45 | 10.10 | 7.06 | 61.63 |
Percentage of children with poor eye-hand coordination | 15.63 | 15.40 | 6.80 | 43.50 |
Percentage of German children with poor language skills | 11.85 | 9.30 | 8.48 | 71.61 |
Percentage of non-German children with poor language skills | 20.80 | 20.70 | 13.14 | 63.18 |
Percentage of children attending Kindergarten | 89.82 | 90.20 | 5.21 | 5.80 |
Environmental variables and urban characteristics | ||||
Percentage of area with vegetation | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 71.25 |
Area of parks per km2 | 7.1 × 10−2 | 5.5 × 10−2 | 5.2 × 10−2 | 73.23 |
Number of parks per km2 | 2.2 × 10−3 | 2.2 × 10−3 | 1.2 × 10−2 | 55.39 |
Area of parks per 1000 inhabitants | 15.7 × 103 | 11.6 × 103 | 13.9 × 10−3 | 89.21 |
Number of parks per 1000 inhabitants | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 67.86 |
Euclidean distance to parks | 429.16 | 330.27 | 326.13 | 75.99 |
Area of playgrounds per km2 | 6.5 × 10−3 | 4.6 × 10−3 | 5.9 × 10−3 | 90.82 |
Number of playgrounds per km2 | 3.7 × 10−3 | 2.2 × 10−3 | 3.5 × 10−3 | 95.53 |
Area of playgrounds per 1000 inhabitants | 9.1 × 102 | 8.7 × 102 | 3.7 × 102 | 40.43 |
Number of playgrounds per 1000 inhabitants | 5.1 × 10−1 | 4.9 × 10−1 | 1.8 × 10−1 | 34.60 |
Euclidean distance to playgrounds | 488.96 | 359.74 | 403.17 | 82.45 |
Number of fast food restaurants per km2 | 3.8 × 10−6 | 1.5 × 10−6 | 5.0 × 10−6 | 132.29 |
Number of fast food restaurants per 1000 inhabitants | 4.3 × 10−1 | 3.6 × 10−1 | 2.8 × 10−1 | 65.05 |
Availability of public transport | 1134.74 | 868.42 | 914.95 | 80.63 |
Walkability | ||||
Connectivity | −0.04 | −0.09 | 1.00 | −2377.29 |
Entropy | −0.10 | 0.03 | 1.00 | −1012.31 |
Population density | −0.03 | −0.34 | 1.00 | −3948.53 |