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Fig. 1 | International Journal of Health Geographics

Fig. 1

From: The spatial structure of chronic morbidity: evidence from UK census returns

Fig. 1

Model (M2): Q—Q plots of area residuals against a normal distribution and maps of transformed residuals \(e^{\upsilon _d}\) (odds ratio scale) for White (a), Mixed (b) and Asian (c) populations. Plots Residuals of model (M2) are compared to a theoretical normal distribution with the same mean and standard deviation to assess normality. Choropleths Model residuals are converted on the odds ratio scale using the exponential function to map heterogeneity in odds of LLTI across areas once differences in covariates are taken into account. Shades of red (blue) signal areas where the prevalence of LLTI is higher (lower) than expected given their population age, area classification and local rates of emergency hospitalisations

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