Table 4 Associations between walking and cycling and built environment (N = 2375)
Walking for transport | Cycling for transport | Walking in leisure time | Cycling in leisure time | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RR (95% CI) | Sig. | RR (95% CI) | Sig. | RR (95% CI) | Sig. | RR (95% CI) | Sig. | |
Address density | ||||||||
1 (low) | 1.00 | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.293 | 1.00 | 0.005 | 1.00 | 0.004 |
2 | 1.04 (0.93–1.16) | 0.96 (0.86–1.06) | 0.90 (0.85–0.96) | 0.90 (0.83–0.98) | ||||
3 (high) | 1.33 (1.21–1.47) | 0.92 (0.84–1.02) | 0.99 (0.94–1.04) | 0.89 (0.82–0.96) | ||||
Population density | ||||||||
1 (low) | 1.00 | 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.049 | 1.00 | 0.781 | 1.00 | 0.048 |
2 | 1.07 (0.97–1.19) | 0.96 (0.86–1.06) | 0.99 (0.93–1.05) | 0.96 (0.89–1.04) | ||||
3 (high) | 1.22 (1.10–1.35) | 0.89 (0.81–0.98) | 1.01 (0.94–1.08) | 0.91 (0.84–0.98) | ||||
Level of mixed use | ||||||||
1 (low) | 1.00 | 0.159 | 1.00 | 0.549 | 1.00 | 0.821 | 1.00 | 0.740 |
2 | 1.10 (1.00–1.21) | 1.04 (0.96–1.13) | 1.02 (0.95–1.08) | 1.03 (0.95–1.12) | ||||
3 (high) | 1.05 (0.94–1.18) | 1.00 (0.89–1.12) | 1.02 (0.95–1.09) | 1.02 (0.94–1.11) | ||||
Connectivity | ||||||||
1 (low) | 1.00 | 0.027 | 1.00 | 0.505 | 1.00 | 0.966 | 1.00 | 0.284 |
2 | 1.10 (0.997–1.22) | 0.95 (0.86–1.06) | 1.00 (0.94–1.07) | 1.00 (0.92–1.08) | ||||
3 (high) | 1.14 (1.03–1.26) | 0.94 (0.86–1.04) | 1.01 (0.94–1.07) | 0.94 (0.87–1.02) | ||||
Accessibility of facilities | ||||||||
1 (low) | 1.00 | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.890 | 1.00 | 0.037 | 1.00 | 0.959 |
2 | 1.09 (0.98–1.21) | 1.02 (0.93–1.12) | 0.96 (0.90–1.03) | 1.01 (0.93–1.10) | ||||
3 (high) | 1.26 (1.13–1.41) | 1.01 (0.91–1.12) | 1.04 (0.99–1.11) | 1.00 (0.92–1.08) | ||||
Accessibility of parks | ||||||||
1 (low) | 1.00 | 0.354 | 1.00 | 0.530 | 1.00 | 0.632 | 1.00 | 0.538 |
2 | 1.03 (0.94–1.14) | 1.00 (0.91–1.11) | 1.01 (0.96–1.07) | 0.99 (0.91–1.07) | ||||
3 (high) | 0.95 (0.86–1.06) | 0.96 (0.86–1.07) | 0.98 (0.91–1.05) | 0.96 (0.88–1.04) | ||||
Accessibility of forests | ||||||||
1 (low) | 1.00 | 0.015 | 1.00 | 0.218 | 1.00 | 0.758 | 1.00 | 0.592 |
2 | 0.89 (0.80–0.99) | 1.08 (0.98–1.19) | 0.98 (0.92–1.05) | 1.03 (0.95–1.12) | ||||
3 (high) | 0.87 (0.78–0.96) | 1.07 (0.98–1.17) | 0.98 (0.91–1.04) | 1.04 (0.96–1.13) | ||||
Accessibility of open natural areas | ||||||||
1 (low) | 1.00 | 0.605 | 1.00 | 0.603 | 1.00 | 0.378 | 1.00 | 0.088 |
2 | 0.95 (0.85–1.06) | 1.05 (0.96–1.15) | 1.01 (0.95–1.08) | 1.08 (1.01–1.17) | ||||
3 (high) | 0.96 (0.88–1.06) | 1.02 (0.93–1.13) | 0.96 (0.90–1.03) | 1.02 (0.94–1.11) | ||||
Accessibility of public green space | ||||||||
1 (low) | 1.00 | 0.379 | 1.00 | 0.539 | 1.00 | 0.292 | 1.00 | 0.040 |
2 | 0.95 (0.86–1.04) | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) | 0.99 (0.94–1.04) | 0.93 (0.87–1.00) | ||||
3 (high) | 0.92 (0.79–1.06) | 0.97 (0.84–1.11) | 0.92 (0.83–1.02) | 0.89 (0.80–0.99) | ||||