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Table 2 Effect estimates for confounders in the final adjusted model with and without interaction (N = 4625)

From: Household income, active travel, and their interacting impact on body mass index in a sample of urban Canadians: a Bayesian spatial analysis

 

Without interaction

With interaction

Mode 1: Non-spatial

Model 2: Spatial

Model 3: Non-spatial

Model 4: Spatial

Independent variables

Effect estimate (posterior mean, 95% CrI)

Effect estimate (posterior mean, 95% CrI)

Individual variables

 Agea

  35–49 years

0.065 (0.05, 0.079)

0.065 (0.05, 0.08)

0.065 (0.05, 0.079)

0.064 (0.05, 0.079)

  50–64 years

0.091 (0.077, 0.105)

0.092 (0.078, 0.106)

0.092 (0.078, 0.106)

0.092 (0.078, 0.106)

  65 + years

0.089 (0.071,0.106)

0.092 (0.074, 0.109)

0.09 (0.073, 0.108)

0.092 (0.074, 0.109)

 Sexb

  Female

− 0.068 (− 0.077, − 0.059)

− 0.068 (− 0.077, − 0.059)

− 0.067 (− 0.077, − 0.059)

− 0.068 (− 0.077, − 0.059)

 Physical activityc

  ≥ 3 days in prior week

− 0.036 (− 0.046, − 0.025)

− 0.035 (− 0.046, − 0.025)

− 0.036 (− 0.046, − 0.025)

− 0.035 (− 0.046, − 0.025)

 Travel moded

  Mixed vehicular/active travel

− 0.021 (− 0.037, − 0.005)

− 0.02 (− 0.036, − 0.004)

0.001 (− 0.067, 0.075)

0.005 (− 0.058, 0.072)

  Active travel only

− 0.044 (− 0.062,− 0.027)

− 0.043 (− 0.06, − 0.025)

0.005 (− 0.049, 0.061)

0.011 (− 0.04, 0.06)

Household variables

  Household incomee

  $25,000–$49,999

− 0.016 (− 0.045, 0.014)

− 0.016 (− 0.046, 0.014)

0.002 (− 0.037, 0.044)

0.003 (− 0.032, 0.041)

  $50,000–$74,999

− 0.026 (− 0.054, 0.003)

− 0.025 (− 0.054, 0.004)

− 0.006 (− 0.043, 0.035)

− 0.004 (− 0.038, 0.032)

  ≥ $75,000

− 0.036 (− 0.063,− 0.008)

− 0.035 (− 0.063, − 0.007)

− 0.014 (− 0.05, 0.026)

− 0.012 (− 0.043, 0.024)

Transportation mode * household incomef

–

   

 Mixed vehicular/active travel

  $25,000–$49,999

  

0.016 (− 0.073, 0.097)

0.013 (− 0.067, 0.091)

  $50,000–$74,999

  

− 0.017 (− 0.099,0.059)

− 0.02 (− 0.095, 0.052)

  ≥ $75,000

  

− 0.031 (− 0.107, 0.039)

− 0.035 (− 0.105, 0.031)

 Active transportation only

  $25,000-$49,999

  

− 0.056 (− 0.124, 0.011)

− 0.059 (− 0.122, 0.005)

  $50,000-$74,999

  

− 0.048 (− 0.114, 0.018)

− 0.052 (− 0.113, 0.009)

  ≥ $75,000

  

− 0.055 (− 0.115, 0.005)

− 0.061 (− 0.115, − 0.007)

 Young childreng

  Children under 5 in home

0.029 (0.01,0.048)

0.027 (0.009, 0.046)

0.029 (0.01, 0.048)

0.027 (0.009, 0.046)

Neighbourhood variables

  Deprivation indexh

  Quintile 2

0.0001 (− 0.017,0.018)

− 0.003 (− 0.021, 0.014)

− 0.001 (− 0.018, 0.018)

− 0.003 (− 0.021, 0.015)

  Quintile 3

0.021 (0.003, 0.04)

0.014 (− 0.006, 0.034)

0.021 (0.003, 0.04)

0.015 (− 0.005,0.034)

  Quintile 4

0.034 (0.014, 0.054)

0.028 (0.006, 0.048)

0.034 ( 0.014, 0.054)

0.028 (0.006, 0.049)

  Quintile 5 (least privileged)

0.053 (0.033, 0.074)

0.042 (0.019, 0.065)

0.053 (0.033, 0.074)

0.043 (0.019, 0.065)

Population density

− 0.001 (− 0.009, 0.006)

− 0.002 (− 0.009, 0.006)

− 0.001 (− 0.008, 0.006)

− 0.001 (− 0.009, 0.006)

Road centroids

− 0.004 (− 0.008, 0.001)

− 0.003 (− 0.007, 0.002)

− 0.004 (− 0.008, 0.001)

− 0.003 (− 0.007, 0.001)

Can-ALE

− 0.006 (− 0.013, − 0.00,001)

− 0.005 (− 0.012, 0.002)

− 0.007 (− 0.013, − 0.001)

− 0.005 (− 0.012, 0.002)

DIC

− 3498.21

− 3504.3

− 3495.43

− 3503.87

  1. Italic indicates statistical significance (95% credible Interval does not cover zero)
  2. DIC deviance information criterion. The lower DIC, the better the model fits the data
  3. aAge 19–34 years is reference category
  4. bMale is reference category
  5. c< 3 days in prior week is reference category
  6. dVehicular travel only is reference category
  7. eIncome < $25,000 is reference category
  8. fVehicular travel only with household income < $25,000 is reference category
  9. gNo children under 5 is reference category
  10. hDeprivation quintile 1 (most privileged) is reference category
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International Journal of Health Geographics

ISSN: 1476-072X