Table 3 Odds ratio (OR) for insulin resistance (75th percentile HOMA-IR is 2.35)
From: Urban environment as an independent predictor of insulin resistance in a South Asian population
Urbanization metric | Females | Males | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR unadjusted (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | OR unadjusted (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | |
Distance from urban center (km) | ||||
 < 20 | 1.95 (1.55, 2.45) | 1.79 (1.39, 2.29) | 2.17 (1.63, 2.90) | 2.30 (1.64, 3.22) |
 20–40 | 1.79 (1.42, 2.27) | 1.72 (1.32, 2.23) | 1.50 (1.10, 2.04) | 1.59 (1.11, 2.29) |
 41–60 | 0.87 (0.65, 1.17) | 1.11 (0.82, 1.52) | 1.11 (0.78, 1.57) | 1.77 (1.19, 2.64) |
 61–80 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Land cover type | ||||
 Urban | 1.45 (1.25, 1.69) | 1.31 (1.1, 1.56) | 1.54 (1.27, 1.87) | 1.25 (0.99, 1.57) |
 Non-urban | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Census community designation | ||||
 Urban | 1.31 (1.12, 1.52) | 1.04 (0.88, 1.24) | 1.77 (1.45, 2.16) | 1.35 (1.07, 1.72) |
 Rural | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |