Fig. 1

An example of the calculation of spatial k-anonymity. a The blue star represents the person’s original location, and the green dots represent the potential residential locations around the person; b the person’s masked location is calculated by a geomasking technique and represented as a red star, and the masking distance is d; c a buffer with a radius of d is created around the masked location, and the number of potential residential locations (highlighted green dots) in the buffer area, including the person’s original location, is the value of k for spatial k-anonymity