Table 3 Adjusted odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the evaluation of relative impacts of social, built and geophysical environment on age-specific dementia mortality

Regional air pollution (in 10 µg/m³)

1.245 [1.132, 1.369]

1.186 [1.057, 1.330]

1.370 [1.142, 1.643]

1.294 [0.817, 2.049]

Traffic-related air pollution (in 10 µg/m³)

1.027 [0.914, 1.155]

1.080 [0.937, 1.244]

0.966 [0.770, 1.212]

0.778 [0.448, 1.350]

Day with high temperature

1.011 [0.907, 1.128]

1.018 [0.892, 1.161]

0.969 [0.783, 1.199]

1.096 [0.675, 1.780]

Day with low temperature

0.971 [0.860, 1.095]

0.957 [0.828, 1.106]

1.073 [0.866, 1.347]

0.548 [0.252, 1.192]

Daily PM₁₀ (in 10 µg/m³)

0.969 [0.951, 0.987]

0.963 [0.941, 0.985]

0.993 [0.962, 1.025]

0.880 [0.792, 0.977]

Daily NO_x (in 10 µg/m³)

0.988 [0.977, 0.998]

0.993 [0.980, 1.005]

0.972 [0.962, 0.992]

1.019 [0.968, 1.073]

Daily O₃ (in 10 µg/m³)

1.034 [1.014, 1.054]

1.041 [1.017, 1.065]

1.016 [0.981, 1.053]

1.065 [0.966, 1.175]

Relative humidity

1.003 [0.9996, 1.006]

1.002 [0.998, 1.006]

1.006 [0.999, 1.012]

0.997 [0.981, 1.013]

Percent of no sky view

0.989 [0.986, 0.992]

0.989 [0.985, 0.992]

0.989 [0.983, 0.995]

0.987 [0.972, 1.002]

NDVI (in 0.1 unit)

0.934 [0.914, 0.955]

0.943 [0.918, 0.968]

0.911 [0.874, 0.950]

0.954 [0.861, 1.056]

Percent of low education

0.999 [0.995, 1.004]

1.001 [0.996, 1.006]

0.996 [0.988, 1.005]

0.991 [0.970, 1.012]

Percent of non-Cantonese

0.995 [0.989, 1.002]

0.992 [0.984, 0.999]

1.004 [0.991, 1.016]

1.012 [0.984, 1.040]

Economically inactive

0.976 [0.870, 1.095]

0.925 [0.804, 1.064]

0.983 [0.793, 1.218]

1.740 [1.006, 3.010]

Unmarried

1.352 [1.263, 1.448]

1.252 [1.145, 1.370]

1.405 [1.254, 1.575]

1.933 [1.480, 2.526]

Age

1.084 [1.080, 1.088]

1.064 [1.057, 1.072]

1.091 [1.070, 1.113]

1.130 [1.075, 1.188]

Male

0.888 [0.836, 0.943]

0.801 [0.743, 0.864]

0.978 [0.876, 1.091]

1.713 [1.255, 2.339]