Associations between ultraviolet radiation, tree cover and adolescent sunburns

Table 1 Frequencies of covariates by any sunburns in the past 12 months, FLASHE 2014

	n	Any sunburns (%)		p
		Yes (n = 586)	No (n = 747)	p
Overall	1333	44.0	56.0
Male	673	39.1	60.9	0.0003^e
Female	660	48.9	51.1	0.0003^e
Race/ethnicity^a
Hispanic	139	33.1	66.9	< 0.0001^e
NH Black	214	10.3	89.7
NH White	859	56.7	43.3
NH Other	121	25.6	74.4
Physical activity level in past 7 days
None	132	34.1	65.9	0.04^e
Sometimes/often	761	45.9	54.1
Quite/very often	440	43.6	56.4
Self-rated weight
Very/a little under	145	46.9	53.1	0.009^e
Just right	820	40.7	59.3
Little/very over	368	50.0	50.0
Any tanning bed use
No	1301	43.0	57.0	< 0.0001^e
Yes	32	81.3	18.8	< 0.0001^e
Sunscreen use
Never/rarely/sometimes	908	41.1	58.9	0.002^e
Often/always	425	50.1	49.9	0.002^e
Sun protection (sleeves covering shoulders, hat, or seek shade)
Never/rarely/sometimes	375	48.0	52.0	0.06^e
Often/always	958	42.4	57.6	0.06^e
Intentional sun exposure
Never/rarely/sometimes	1131	40.3	59.7	< 0.0001^e
Often/always	202	64.4	35.6	< 0.0001^e
Walk/bike to/from school^b
Any	281	44.1	55.9	0.95^e
None	1052	43.9	56.1	0.95^e
Home tree cover
Low	444	46.2	53.8	0.08^f
Medium	445	45.4	54.6
High	444	40.3	59.7
School tree cover
Low	444	47.1	52.9	0.008^f
Medium	445	46.5	53.5
High	444	38.3	61.7
UV^c
Low	444	49.1	50.9	0.002^f
Medium	445	44.5	55.5
High	444	38.5	61.5
School poverty^d
Low	457	45.5	54.5	0.008^f
Medium	419	50.1	49.9
High	457	36.8	63.2

NH non-Hispanic
^aOther race is American Indian or Alaskan Native, Asian, or multiple races
^bFor adolescents not in school, this is walk/bike to/from a place, such as a job or friend’s house
^cUV is the average daily EDR (mW m-2) for the academic year (September to May) for the county of participant residence
^dSchool poverty was defined as the percent of persons living below the federal poverty line from the American Community Survey 2010–2014. It was measured by the intersection of a 400 m buffer around the school geocoded location with Census tracts to produce an area weighted average
^ep-values are from Chi-square tests
^fp-values are from Cochran-Armitage two-sided trend tests

ISSN: 1476-072X