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Table 2 Summary of variety in objective measures characteristics: organised by the output units, citation, a brief of the tools and inclusion and exclusions criteria

From: Children’s outdoor active mobility behaviour and neighbourhood safety: a systematic review in measurement methods and future research directions

The output unit of measured COAMB

Citation

Tools used + duration in survey

Data registry (epoch)

Temporal measures (if present) (i.e. weekdays vs weekends or time segments of the day before and after school)

Inclusion/exclusion

of collected GPS COAMB data

Intensity

MVPA

[33]

Accelerometer for 8 consecutive days

Epoch not reported during non-school hours

Compared outside school hours for weekdays and weekends (before school [6 am] to school first bell) and evening (6–9 pm)

4 weekdays and at least 1 weekend for inclusion; data were excluded for any day if fewer than 10,000 and over 20 million steps counted to calculate MVPA

[45]

Accelerometer for 7 days

30-s epochs

10 h wear time for inclusion with no more than 20 min of consecutive zero counts and at least 3 days of accepted measures

[36]

Accelerometer for 7 days

5-secs epochs

Compared outside school hours for weekdays and weekends

10 h wearing time for 3 weekdays and 1 weekend day for inclusion in the analysis, MVPA > 3,581 counts per minute

[41]

Accelerometer for 7 days

Every 749/30-s epochs), + GPS 10-s epochs (cleaned and resampled to 30-s

Compared outside school hours for weekdays and weekends (before school hours 8:00–8:45 am, after school 2:30–7:00 pm and weekends) + travel diary

Accelerometer outside school hours, 3 h or more of data (weekdays) and 7 h of data (weekend)

GPS inclusion of data was not reported

Activity space

[49]

Pedometer for 9 days

and mapping destination

Epoch not reported

Data with 1,000–30,000 steps daily included

At least 4 days of data

First and last day of measures removed from the analysis

Active transportation

[16]

GPS in a wearable watch for 7 days

Data excluded with < 10 h GPS data and participants with < 4 days of 10 h GPS data (adopted from accelerometer standard measures)

Proximity

[28]

GPS + mobility diary for 7 days

5-s epochs

No report of details

Neighbourhood activity space

[52]

GPS for 7 days

Recorded each second

Compared outside school hours for weekdays and weekends

3 h of out-of-school wearing time GPS (two weekdays) and 4 h of one weekend day

Guided by accelerometer for inclusion

Active outdoor play (daily average)

[40]

GPS + accelerometer for 7 days

15-secsepochs

Remove < 10 h of accelerometer or GPS wear time or less than 15-s epochs