Characterization of prehospital time delay in primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction: analysis of geographical infrastructure-dependent and -independent components

Table 4 Factors associated with poor outcome (CPC 3–5)

	Model 1			Model 2			Model 3
	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value
Age ≤ 64 years	1.00	[Ref.]		1.00	[Ref.]		1.00	[Ref.]
65–74 years	2.55	0.99–6.54	0.05	2.46	0.97–6.21	0.06	2.51	0.99–6.34	0.05
≥ 75 years	6.17	2.65–14.36	< 0.01*	6.26	2.71–14.47	< 0.01*	5.72	2.48–13.21	< 0.01*
Women	0.66	0.31–1.44	0.30	0.68	0.32–1.44	0.31	0.69	0.33–1.48	0.34
Recurrent MI	0.83	0.32–2.15	0.71	0.77	0.30–1.95	0.58	0.77	0.30–1.97	0.59
No witness	0.82	0.44–1.55	0.55
Onset in winter	1.09	0.58–2.06	0.79	1.01	0.55–1.86	0.98	1.05	0.56–1.97	0.88
Onset on weekends/holiday	0.86	0.43–1.71	0.66	0.96	0.49–1.87	0.89	0.98	0.50–1.94	0.96
Onset at night	1.27	0.68–2.39	0.45
Killip class 3/4 on arrival	11.40	5.43–23.92	< 0.01*	11.76	5.65–24.45	< 0.01*	12.31	5.88–25.78	< 0.01*
No EMS call	0.38	0.17–0.85	0.02*
Medical region and transport way
Urban (direct admission)	1.00	[Ref.]
Rural (direct admission)	1.30	0.61–2.79	0.50
Urban (inter-facility transfer)	1.39	0.26–7.46	0.70
Rural (inter-facility transfer)	2.79	1.17–6.66	0.02*
Delays (per 1-h increase)
TIT				0.93	0.83–1.06	0.28
eDAD							0.95	0.82–1.09	0.47

Adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) indicate the likelihood of poor outcome (CPC 3–5) from logistic regression analysis. OR > 1 indicates increased odds of poor outcome (CPC 3–5). Respective reference categories = age ≤ 64 years, male gender, first occurrence of MI, presence of a witness, onset in summer, onset on a weekday, onset in the daytime, Killip class 1/2 on arrival, and urban medical region (direct admission). CPC, cerebral performance category; MI, myocardial infarction; Daytime, 6:00 a.m–6:00 p.m; Nighttime, 6:00 p.m–6:00 a.m; EMS, emergency medical services; TIT, total ischemic time; eDAD, estimated delay-in-arrival-to-door
* P < 0.05

ISSN: 1476-072X